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<title>DAPNET</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">DAPNET</span></span>

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<p><b>DAPNET</b> (Decentralised Amateur Paging Network) is a free global paging network created and maintained by <a href="Amateur_radio" title="Amateur radio">amateur radio</a> enthusiasts. Messages can be received on commercially available <a href="Pager" title="Pager">pagers</a> that support the <a href="POCSAG" class="mw-redirect" title="POCSAG">POCSAG</a> protocol and are tuned to the appropriate <a href="Radio_frequency" title="Radio frequency">frequency</a>.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

<p>A similar ham radio project called FunkrufMaster was quite popular around 2000. It was based on <a href="AX.25" title="AX.25">AX.25</a>-technology and the former Packet Radio Network. Because of the upcoming HAMNET- and <a href="Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol">IP-Protocol</a> era, a successor was needed. Members of the ham radio activity group at <a href="RWTH_Aachen_University" title="RWTH Aachen University">RWTH Aachen University</a> designed and developed <b>DAPNET</b> from scratch as a modern software approach. <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of March 2018, over 90 transmitters were already in permanent operation, and the coverage area included parts of <a href="Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, the <a href="Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, <a href="Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, and <a href="Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with <a href="Raspberry_Pi" title="Raspberry Pi">Raspberry Pi</a>-based personal hotspots extending coverage around the world.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technical_specifications">Technical specifications</h2></div>

<p>The recommended frequency for DAPNET is 439.9875 MHz,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which is part of the <a href="70-centimeter_band" title="70-centimeter band">70-centimeter band</a> dedicated to amateur radio use. The transmitters are networked, some via HAMNET, some via the Internet. The standard paging protocol <a href="POCSAG" class="mw-redirect" title="POCSAG">POCSAG</a> is used for message transmission. For a low-power transmitter you can use <a href="Raspberry_Pi" title="Raspberry Pi">Raspberry Pi</a> with unipager<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and MMDVM-modem<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> installed, and to make the coverage area several miles, a radio amplifier needs to be added to its output.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The coverage area of the transmitter can be up to 20 km (12 miles), depending on the terrain and the height of the antenna.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Receivers">Receivers</h2></div>

<p>Skyper and AlphaPOC pagers are particularly popular for receiving messages. They can be easily tuned to the desired reception frequency and also offer many other possibilities, such as receiving bulletins - messages sent to all recipients. However, other brands of pagers can be customized accordingly or <a href="Flipper_Zero" title="Flipper Zero">Flipper Zero</a> can be used.

</p><p>Messages can be sent via a multilingual website as well as <a href="Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> and <a href="IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a> apps.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230721225846/https://www.ralfwilke.com/index.php/en/about-me">"Ralf Wilke - About"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ralfwilke.com/index.php/en/about-me">the original</a> on 2023-07-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-07-21</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hampager.de/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=dapnetoverview">DAPNET Overview</a></span>

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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://hampager.de/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=mmdvm">https://hampager.de/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=mmdvm</a></span>

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<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hampager.de/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=dapnetfrq">Recommended frequencies</a></span>

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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/rwth-afu/UniPager">GitHub: UniPager</a></span>

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<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312934460_Development_of_a_Decentralized_Paging_Transmitter_Network">Development of a Decentralized Paging Transmitter Network</a></span>

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<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hampager.de/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=raspager">RasPager - Simple low-power Transmitter</a></span>

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</ol></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hampager.de/">hampager.de</a></li></ul>

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</style><div id="Amateur_radio85" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Amateur_radio" title="Amateur radio">Amateur radio</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Activities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Amateur_radio_emergency_communications" title="Amateur radio emergency communications">Emergency communications</a></li>

<li><a href="Contesting" title="Contesting">Contesting</a></li>

<li><a href="DXing" title="DXing">DX communication</a></li>

<li><a href="High-speed_telegraphy" title="High-speed telegraphy">High-speed telegraphy</a></li>

<li><a href="Amateur_radio_homebrew" title="Amateur radio homebrew">Homebrewing</a></li></ul>

</div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="History_of_amateur_radio" title="History of amateur radio">History</a></li>

<li><a href="Amateur_radio_operator" title="Amateur radio operator">Amateur radio operator</a></li>

<li><a href="Amateur_radio_operating_award" title="Amateur radio operating award">Awards</a></li>

<li><a href="DX-pedition" title="DX-pedition">DX-pedition</a></li>

<li><a href="Hamfest" title="Hamfest">Hamfest</a></li>

<li><a href="Amateur_radio_international_operation" title="Amateur radio international operation">International operation</a></li>

<li><a href="Radiosport" title="Radiosport">Radiosport</a></li>

<li><a href="Vintage_amateur_radio" title="Vintage amateur radio">Vintage amateur radio</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Governance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="International_Amateur_Radio_Union" title="International Amateur Radio Union">International Amateur Radio Union</a></li>

<li><a href="International_Telecommunication_Union" title="International Telecommunication Union">International Telecommunication Union</a></li>

<li><a href="Amateur_radio_frequency_allocations" title="Amateur radio frequency allocations">Frequency allocations</a></li>

<li><a href="ITU_prefix_(amateur_stations)" class="mw-redirect" title="ITU prefix (amateur stations)">ITU prefixes for amateur radio</a></li>

<li><a href="Maritime_mobile_amateur_radio" title="Maritime mobile amateur radio">Maritime mobile</a></li>

<li><a href="Amateur_radio#Licensing" title="Amateur radio">Licensing</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modes of communication</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Voice</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Data/Digital</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="AMTOR" title="AMTOR">AMTOR</a></li>

<li><a href="EchoLink" title="EchoLink">EchoLink</a></li>

<li><a href="Hellschreiber" title="Hellschreiber">Hellschreiber</a></li>

<li><a href="Packet_radio" title="Packet radio">Packet radio</a> (<a href="Automatic_Packet_Reporting_System" title="Automatic Packet Reporting System">APRS</a>)</li>

<li><a href="PACTOR" title="PACTOR">PACTOR</a></li>

<li><a href="Spread_spectrum" title="Spread spectrum">Spread spectrum</a></li>

<li><a href="Wide-coverage_Internet_Repeater_Enhancement_System" title="Wide-coverage Internet Repeater Enhancement System">WIRES-X</a></li>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technologies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Amateur_radio_station" title="Amateur radio station">Amateur radio station</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_amateur_radio_software" title="List of amateur radio software">Amateur radio software</a></li>

<li><a href="Amateur_radio_satellite" title="Amateur radio satellite">Satellite</a></li>

<li><a href="Two-way_radio" title="Two-way radio">Two-way radio</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_amateur_radio_transceivers" title="List of amateur radio transceivers">Transceivers</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Shortwave_radio" title="Shortwave radio">Shortwave radio</a></li>

<li><a href="Amateur_radio_in_India" title="Amateur radio in India">Amateur radio in India</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Amateur_radio_digital_modes245" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:lightsteelblue;"><div id="Amateur_radio_digital_modes245" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Amateur_radio" title="Amateur radio">Amateur radio</a> digital modes</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue;"><a href="Frequency-shift_keying" title="Frequency-shift keying">Frequency-shift keying (FSK)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="AMTOR" title="AMTOR">AMTOR</a> / <a href="SITOR" title="SITOR">SITOR</a></li>

<li><a href="PACTOR" title="PACTOR">PACTOR</a></li>

<li><a href="CLOVER2000" title="CLOVER2000">CLOVER2000</a></li>

<li><a href="Packet_radio" title="Packet radio">Packet radio</a> (<a href="Bell_103" title="Bell 103">Bell 103</a></li>

</div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue;"><a href="Multiple_frequency-shift_keying" title="Multiple frequency-shift keying">Multiple frequency-shift keying (MFSK)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Olivia_MFSK" title="Olivia MFSK">Olivia MFSK</a></li>

<li><a href="Contestia" class="mw-redirect" title="Contestia">Contestia</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue;"><a href="Phase-shift_keying" title="Phase-shift keying">Phase-shift keying (PSK)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue;"><a href="COFDM" class="mw-redirect" title="COFDM">COFDM</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="MT63" title="MT63">MT63</a> (based on PSK)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue;">Non-traditional digital modes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Hellschreiber" title="Hellschreiber">Hellschreiber (Feld-Hell)</a></li>

<li><a href="On%E2%80%93off_keying" title="On–off keying">On–off keying</a></li>

<li><a href="Continuous_wave" title="Continuous wave">Continuous wave</a></li>

<li><a href="Modulated_continuous_wave" title="Modulated continuous wave">Modulated continuous wave</a></li>

<li><a href="Pulse_modulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulse modulation">Pulse modulation</a></li>

<li><a href="Frequency-hopping_spread_spectrum" title="Frequency-hopping spread spectrum">Frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS)</a></li>

<li><a href="Direct-sequence_spread_spectrum" title="Direct-sequence spread spectrum">Direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS)</a></li>

<li><a href="AMPRNet" title="AMPRNet">AMPRNet</a></li>

</ul>

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